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Cut describes the proportions and angles of a diamond. Many people confuse cut with the shape of a diamond. Although nature determines the other three characteristics, it takes a master diamond cutter to reveal a diamond's true beauty. Diamonds are available in various shapes including round, square, pear, heart, marquise and oval but cut refers to the angles and proportions of a diamond.
 A well cut diamond reflects light from one mirror-like facet to another and projects the light through the top of the diamond. The result is a fiery and brilliant display. Diamonds that are cut too deep or too shallow leak light through the side or bottom, resulting in a lackluster appearance and diminish value.
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Brilliance is the liveliness and sparkle exhibited by a diamond. It occurs when the maximum amount of light entering through the top of a diamond bounces inside from one facet to another and is then reflected back to the viewer’s eye.
Dispersion is a term that describes the flash of different colored light coming from the interior of a diamond. It occurs when white light is separated into its component rainbow colors as the light is passed through the facets of a diamond. Fire is another term used to describe dispersion.
Scintillation describes the quick flashes of light, resembling colorful, fiery sparks, reflected from a polished diamond. It occurs when either the diamond, the light source, or the observer moves. Sparkle is another term for scintillation.
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